Engaging the reluctant reader through active reading strategies

The objective of this workshop is to demonstrate not only how to overcome the fear of reading among young adults but also how to develop affection for it by adjusting studentcentred learning strategies to the individual needs of the learners. Reading then becomes an active dialogue session with the author culminating in writing in any genre rather than a passive boring activity. The workshop begins with an incidental lead-in activity connected to the topic of the reading passage, which aims to generate student-centred discussions. This is then followed by a timed individual reading session, where the students have a ‘dialogue’ with the author of the passage by scribbling and writing in any language or by drawing graphic presentations of their feelings that are generated. A group discussion of the students’ reactions to the reading would result in seeing the text in a new light or angle. This is then followed by a spin-off activity, where the students are to translate their reaction to the whole passage or any portion of it into any genre and present it to the others. Once the students have come to grips with the essence of the reading passage, they are to formulate their own question which needs further probing into as a free writing or academic writing piece. An outline of the writing is done in groups and monitored by the facilitator while leaving the complete writing as a take-home assignment

Playing the Field: A Case of Restructuring at the University of Massachusetts Amherst

In 2008, the United States economy entered a rapid and profound decline. As a result most public universities experienced decreased endowments and a decline in state allocations. Some universities responded to this crisis by refocusing their institutional priorities and restructuring their campuses. This study used the lens of organizational field theory (e.g., 1993; Davis & Marquis, 2005; Fligstein & McAdam, 2012; McAdam & Scott, 2005) to analyze a decision-making and restructuring process at the University of Massachusetts Amherst (UMass), which began in late 2008 and concluded in 2011. The purpose of the research was to investigate the ways the UMass Amherst restructuring process was influenced by two of the organizational fields to which the University belongs: public research universities and Massachusetts higher education. The research also examined the effects of the economic and political environment on these fields, and by extension, on the actions of the University of Massachusetts Amherst during this period. Whereas earlier organizational field theorists (Bourdieu, 1993; DiMaggio & Powell, 1983; Scott W. R., 1995) primarily considered the influence of fields on actions adopted at the organizational level, more recent research (Davis & Marquis, 2005; Emirbayer & Johnson, 2008; Fligstein & McAdam, 2012) has begun to focus on the strategic actions of individual actors within organizations and the ways those actions can also affect organizational efforts. This study considered the actions of stakeholder groups, and this led to a richer understanding of the interplay of individuals, organization, field, and environment, and the effects of these on university mission. Using a retrospective, descriptive case study design that included analysis of selected documents and interviews of individuals who were part of the decision-making process, I reviewed, coded, and developed preliminary constructs, which later became the themes for analysis. The findings suggested that organizational fields as well as organizational actors each influence an organization’s path in various ways. Additionally, the study gave indications of shifts in mission at least on the UMass campus. This study contributes to a better understanding of the influence of organizational fields in higher education and offers suggestions for further research on shifts in university mission

Establishing gold standard approaches to rapid tranquillisation: a review and discussion of the evidence on the safety and efficacy of medications currently used

Background: Rapid tranquillisation is used when control of agitation, aggression or excitement is required. Throughout the UK there is no consensus over the choice of drugs to be used as first line treatment. The NICE guideline on the management of violent behaviour involving psychiatric inpatients conducted a systematic examination of the literature relating to the effectiveness and safety of rapid tranquillisation (NICE, 2005). This paper presents the key findings from that review and key guideline recommendations generated, and discusses the implications for practice of more recent research and information. Aims: To examine the evidence on the efficacy and safety of medications used for rapid tranquillisation in inpatient psychiatric settings. Method: Systematic review of current guidelines and phase III randomised, controlled trials of medication used for rapid tranquillisation. Formal consensus methods were used to generate clinically relevant recommendations to support safe and effective prescribing of rapid tranquillisation in the development of a NICE guideline. Findings: There is a lack of high quality clinical trial evidence in the UK and therefore a ‘gold standard’ medication regime for rapid tranquillisation has not been established. Rapid tranquillisation and clinical practice: The NICE guideline produced 35 recommendations on rapid tranquillisation practice for the UK, with the primary aim of calming the service user to enable the use of psychosocial techniques. Conclusions and implications for clinical practice: Further UK specific research is urgently needed that provides the clinician with a hierarchy of options for the clinical practice of rapid tranquillisation

Environmental justice and the case of quilombolas communities of Oriximiná/Pa: for a contemporary critical of environmental education

[Resumo] O artigo pretende elucidar questões relacionadas ao pensamento ecológico contemporâneo, filosófico, antropológico e social relacionado à Justiça Ambiental, trazendo para o debate o caso das comunidades de Oriximiná/PA junto com uma profunda crítica aos paradigmas dominantes do conhecimento ambiental e da própria Educação Ambiental. A investigação aponta que a justiça ambiental, assim como, a educação ambiental se estabelecem no espaço que é do conflito, da disputa pela reapropriação da natureza e da cultura, onde natureza e cultura resistem frente à imposição de valores e processos ao se transformarem em valores de mercado. No Brasil, as “populações tradicionais” vêm sendo ao longo de décadas, deslocadas de suas terras para dar lugar a represas, projetos de mineração, agricultura em grande escala, construção civil, turismo de massa, retirada de madeira e rodovias, muitas vezes com base no paradigma da “propriedade”.[Abstract] The article aims to elucidate issues related to contemporary ecological, philosophical, anthropological and social thinking related to Environmental Justice, bringing to the debate the case of the communities of Oriximiná /PA, Brazil, together with a deep critique of the dominant paradigms of environmental knowledge and Education itself Environmental. The investigation points out that environmental justice, as well as environmental education are established in the space that is the confict, the dispute for the reappropriation of nature and culture, where nature and culture resist the imposition of values and processes as they become values of the market. In Brazil, “traditional populations” have for decades been displaced from their lands to give way to dams, mining projects, large-scale agriculture, construction, mass tourism, logging and Basis of the “property” paradig

When organisations break promises to an employee, others may feel it too

Employees pay attention to how their co-workers are treated. Depending on the circumstances, what happens to colleagues can disrupt and undermine the quality of the relationship an employee develops with the organisation. Sandra Costa and Jacqueline Coyle-Shapiro write that organisations and managers must be aware that the social context shapes individual work relationships

A família solidária no quadro contemporâneo da pluralidade de entidades familiares

Orientador: Ana Carla Harmatiuk MatosMonografia (graduação) - Universidade Federal do Paraná, Setor de Ciências Jurídicas, Curso de Graduação em DireitoResumo: Por meio deste estudo procurar-se-á explanar a razão pela qual a Família Solidária é entidade familiar implícita ao texto constitucional, mediante a exposição das funções da família no direito brasileiro desde a Codificação de 1916 até os dias atuais. O trabalho observa e aponta quais são os princípios que lançam luz sobre essa entidade familiar, cujas características residem na cooperação entre seus membros diante de uma situação de vulnerabilidade em comum, como a enfrentada por idosos, por mães ou pais solteiros e por pessoas com deficiência. Sua união, com o propósito de dividir despesas e, principalmente, viver em ambiente de afeto e companheirismo, resulta na formação de família fundada na solidariedade e na busca da autonomia coexistencial. A partir da doutrina, de precedentes de tribunais e de pesquisas sobre casos concretos, analisam-se algumas situações em que se verifica a Família Solidária, os moldes de sua constituição e alguns efeitos de sua dissoluçã

Desenvolvimento de métodos analíticos em GC-FID, CE-UV e LC-MS/MS no estudo fitoquímico de triterpenos, flavonóis e taninos voltado para a obtenção de uma nova cultivar de Maytenus ilicifolia (espinheira-santa)

Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Centro de Ciências Físicas e Matemáticas, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Química, Florianópolis, 2014.Esta tese tem como proposta principal o desenvolvimento de novos métodos analíticos para a determinação de três subclasses de metabólitos secundários (triterpenos, flavonóis e taninos), presentes em 111 indivíduos de Maytenus ilicifolia (espinheira-santa) contidos em um Banco Ativo de Germoplasma (BAG). A determinação dos triterpenos, friedelan-3-ol e friedelin, em extratos de M. ililifolia, foi realizada em um cromatografo gasoso com detector de ionização em chama (GC-FID, do inglês gas chromatography with flame ionization detector) e teve como principal objetivo, aumentar a frequência instrumental empregando, pela primeira vez, injeções múltiplas em uma única corrida (MISER, do inglês multiple injections in a single experimental run). Foi possível realizar três injeções de indivíduos diferentes dos extratos de M. ilicifolia em uma mesma corrida, utilizando o método com MISER, cujo tempo de análise foi inferior a dez minutos. Observou-se um aumento na frequência instrumental com um fator de 2,5 vezes quando comparado com o método de injeção simples. Este método empregando MISER apresentou resultados satisfatórios para os parâmetros de validação e a concentração de friedelan-3-ol variou entre 2,8-3,7 mg g-1 e para friedelin entre 2,3-2,5 mg g-1. A determinação de flavonóis com o auxílio do planejamento de experimentos (DOE, do inglês design of experiment) foi realizada em um eletroforese capilar de zona com detector de ultravioleta-visível (CZE-UV/Vis, do inglês capillary zone electrophoresis with ultraviolet-visible detector). O método mostrou-se eficiente para a separação dos analitos com um tempo de análise inferior a três minutos. O emprego do DOE permitiu otimizar os procedimentos de preparo de amostra e de separação eletroforética. Os parâmetros de validação do método demonstraram bons resultados, e pela primeira vez, a determinação dos flavonóis glicosilados a partir das agliconas, quercetina e canferol, permitiu avaliar as diferentes concentrações dos flavonóis em distintos indivíduos de M. ilicifolia, cujas concentrações variaram entre 0,29-0,33 mg g-1 para o canferol e 0,25 - 0,32 mg g-1 para a quercetina. A avaliação qualitativa dos taninos presentes em diferentes indivíduos de M. ilicifolia foi realizada utilizando a técnica de cromatografia líquida acoplada à espectrometria de massas em ?tandem? (LC-MS/MS, do inglês liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry detector), a qual permitiu identificar 13 analitos quando comparados com dados apresentados na literatura. A fim de quantificar estes compostos, utilizou-se o método spectrofotométrico da vanilina e a concentração dos taninos nos diferentes indivíduos analisados variou entre 7,7 a 11,6 mg g-1. Os métodos desenvolvidos permitiram avaliar uma grande quantidade de amostras de M. ilicifolia, as quais foram submetidas às mesmas condições ambientais (climáticas e geográficas). Este trabalho permitiu ainda avaliar que os diferentes metabólitos secundários presentes em extratos de folhas de M. ilicifolia não apresentavam correlação com a morfologia foliar quanto à presença de acúleos (espinhos), facilitando a escolha de espécies para o desenvolvimento de uma nova cultivar.Abstract : This thesis is mainly aimed at the development of new analytical methods for the determination of three subclasses of secondary metabolites (triterpenes, flavonols, and tannins) present in 111 different individuals from Maytenus ilicifolia (espinheira-santa) contained in an active germplasm bank (BAG). The determination of triterpenes, friedelan-3-ol and friedelin, in extracts of M. ililifolia were performed on a gas chromatograph with flame ionization detector (GC-FID) and aimed to increase the frequency employing instrumental, for the first time, multiple injections in a single run (MISER). It was possible to perform three different injections of extracts of M. ilicifolia in the same run, using the method with MISER, whose analysis time was less than ten minutes. There was an increase in instrumental frequency by a factor of 2.5 times when compared to the single injection method. MISER employing this method has produced satisfactory results for the validation parameters and the concentration of friedelan-3-ol ranged from 2.8 to 3.7 mg g-1 and friedelin between 2.3-2.5 mg g-1. The determination of flavonols with assistance from design of experiments (DOE) was performed on a capillary zone electrophoresis with UV-Visible detector (CZE-UV/VIS). The method proved to be efficient for the separation of analytes with a analysis time of less than three minutes. The uses of DOE allowed optimize procedures for sample preparation and electrophoretic separation. The validation parameters of the method showed good results and the determination of flavonol glycosides from the aglycones, quercetin and kaempferol, allowed to study different concentrations of flavonols in different individuals of M. ilicifolia, whose concentrations ranged from 0.29 to 0 33 mg g-1 for kaempferol and 0.25 to 0.32 mg g-1 for quercetin. Qualitative evaluation of tannins present in different individuals from M. ilicifolia was performed using liquid chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry in "tandem" (LC-MS/MS), which allowed the identification of 13 analytes as compared to data shown in literature. In order to quantify these compounds, it was used the spectrophotometric method vanillin and tannin concentration subjects ranged from 7.7 to 11.6 mg g-1. The developed methods allowed evaluating a large number of samples of M. ilicifolia, which were subjected to the same environmental conditions (climate and geography). This study allowed evaluating the secondary metabolites present in extracts of leaves of M. ilicifolia showed no correlation with the leaf morphology and the presence of thorns, facilitating the choice of the species for the development of a new cultivar

O TRABALHO DO ASSISTENTE SOCIAL EM SALVADOR: CONTRIBUIÇÕES PARA O DEBATE ATUAL

Resumo A presente discussão parte de uma Pesquisa intitulada: “O Trabalho do Assistente Social em Salvador: contribuições para o debate atual”, a qual resultou de uma iniciativa coletiva de um grupo de pesquisadoras do curso de Serviço Social da Universidade Federal da Bahia, em parceria com o Conselho Regional de Serviço Social (CRESS/BA). O objetivo principal é analisar as características que conformam o trabalho do assistente social na cidade de Salvador/BA com relação aos espaços sócio-ocupacionais, às perspectivas teóricaspolíticas, às condições de trabalho e às particularidades das demandas postas e respostas profissionais. A metodologia consiste no levantamento bibliográfico, e na pesquisa de campo, utizando-se instrumentos de coleta de dados como questionário e entrevista. Busca-se, através desta proposta, contribuir com uma produção local sobre a realidade da profissão, relacionando-a com a produção dos debates teóricos e políticos mais ampliados da área